ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ

ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯖꯨ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯏꯐꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ, ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ‘ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯣꯠ-ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯂꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯲꯰꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯆꯜꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯤꯖꯟ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ; ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ; ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯦꯜ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯆꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯛꯔꯤꯌꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ, ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ: "ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯐꯔ ꯖꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ "ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ" ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ "ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ"ꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯤꯔꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯤꯛꯔꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯔꯤꯖꯝ, ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ "ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ"ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯛꯂꯤꯡ, ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫^[꯱]^[꯲]^[꯳]^[꯴]^[꯵]

ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

↑ http://www.unep.org/maweb/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf
↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253043730_The_ecoservice_values_for_some_of_Australia's_natural_coastal_assets_How_much_are_our_coasts_worth_and_what's_missing_from_the_mosaic
↑ http://bioecon-network.org/pages/12th_2010/Ojea.pdf
↑ Archive copy. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03 ꯫ Retrieved on 2022-05-15 ꯫
↑ Barbier, Edward B.; Hacker, Sally D.; Kennedy, Chris; Koch, Evamaria W.; Stier, Adrian C.; Silliman, Brian R. (May 2011). "The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services". Ecological Monographs. 81 (2): 169–193. doi:10.1890/10-1510.1. hdl:20.500.11919/920.

[1] ttp://www.unep.org/maweb/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf

[2] ttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/253043730_The_ecoservice_values_for_some_of_Australia's_natural_coastal_assets_How_much_are_our_coasts_worth_and_what's_missing_from_the_mosaic

[3] ttp://bioecon-network.org/pages/12th_2010/Ojea.pdf

[4] Archive copy. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03 ꯫ Retrieved on 2022-05-15 ꯫

[5] Barbier, Edward B.; Hacker, Sally D.; Kennedy, Chris; Koch, Evamaria W.; Stier, Adrian C.; Silliman, Brian R. (May 2011). "The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services". Ecological Monographs. 81 (2): 169–193. doi:10.1890/10-1510.1. hdl:20.500.11919/920.

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