ꯑꯒꯁꯇ꯭ꯌ

ꯑꯒꯁꯇ꯭ꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ, ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯌꯣꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯆꯨꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯗ, ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯠꯌ ꯌꯨꯒꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯨꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯂꯆꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯔꯝꯃ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯊꯀꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯟꯠꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯕꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯏꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯩ꯫ ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯏꯄꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥꯁꯨ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯆꯔꯤꯠꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ, ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯟ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯙꯔꯝ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ-ꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯦꯄꯆꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯤꯞꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯃꯪꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ, ꯙ꯭ꯌꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯈꯥ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯩ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯂꯣꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯂꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯠꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯚꯛꯇꯤ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯤꯞꯂꯤꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯋꯥꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯣꯖꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯑꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯂꯄꯆꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯠꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ, ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯠꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯆꯨꯌꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫^[꯱]^[꯲]^[꯳]

ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

↑ Wendy Doniger (1981). The Rig Veda: An Anthology : One Hundred and Eight Hymns, Selected, Translated and Annotated. Penguin Books. pp. 167–168. ISBN 978-0-14-044402-5.
↑ Michael Witzel (1992). J. C. Heesterman; et al. (eds.). Ritual, State, and History in South Asia: Essays in Honour of J.C. Heesterman. BRILL Academic. pp. 822 footnote 105. ISBN 90-04-09467-9.
↑ Edwin Bryant and Laurie Patton (2005), The Indo-Aryan Controversy, Routledge, ISBN 0-700-71462-6, pages 252–253

[1] Wendy Doniger (1981). The Rig Veda: An Anthology : One Hundred and Eight Hymns, Selected, Translated and Annotated. Penguin Books. pp. 167–168. ISBN 978-0-14-044402-5.

[2] Michael Witzel (1992). J. C. Heesterman; et al. (eds.). Ritual, State, and History in South Asia: Essays in Honour of J.C. Heesterman. BRILL Academic. pp. 822 footnote 105. ISBN 90-04-09467-9.

[3] Edwin Bryant and Laurie Patton (2005), The Indo-Aryan Controversy, Routledge, ISBN 0-700-71462-6, pages 252–253

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