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ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ

ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯒꯤ

ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯣ-ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯷꯴꯴ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ (꯲꯰꯱꯸) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯣ-ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯗꯥ ꯹꯴% ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯵꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ, ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ, ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯟ, ꯖꯔꯃꯟ, ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯫ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯃꯤ(ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ) ꯫

ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯈꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯫

Name ISO-639 Classification L1 speakers
(in Europe)
L1+L2 speakers
(in Europe)
Official status (national)[nb ꯱] Official status (regional)
Abkhaz ab Northwest Caucasian, Abazgi 113,000[] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Georgia
Adyghe ady Northwest Caucasian, Circassian 117,500[] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Adygea (Russia)
Albanian(Shqip)
Arbëresh
Arvanitika
sq Indo-European 5,367,000[]
5,877,100[] (Balkans)
ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Albania, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kosovo[nb ꯲], ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Macedonia ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Italy (Sicily, as Arbëresh), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Montenegro (Ulcinj)
Arbëresh aae Indo-European, Albanian, Tosk 260,000 in 1976
100,000 native speakers in 2007[]
380,000[][][][] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sicily, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Calabria,[꯱꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Apulia, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Molise, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Basilicata, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Abruzzo, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Campania, (Italy)
Arvanites aat Indo-European, Albanian, Tosk 200,000 Peloponnese, Attica and Boeotia
Aragonese an Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 25,000[꯱꯱] 55,000[꯱꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Aragon (Spain)[nb ꯳]
Aromanian rup Indo-European, Romance, Eastern 114,000[꯱꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Macedonia
Asturian (Astur-Leonese) ast Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 351,791[꯱꯴] 641,502[꯱꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Asturias[nb ꯳]
Austro-Bavarian bar Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper, Bavarian 14,000,000[꯱꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Austria (as German)
Avar av Northeast Caucasian, Avar–Andic 760,000 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Dagestan (Russia)
Azerbaijani az Turkic, Oghuz 500,000[꯱꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Azerbaijan ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Dagestan (Russia)
Bashkir ba Turkic, Kipchak 1,221,000[꯱꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bashkortostan (Russia)
Basque eu Basque 750,000[꯱꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Basque Country: Basque Autonomous Community (Spain, official), Navarre (Spain, official in the Basque-speaking and mixed parts of the region), French Basque Country (France, not official)
Belarusian be Indo-European, Slavic, East 3,300,000[꯱꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Belarus
Bosnian bs Indo-European, Slavic, South, Western, Serbo-Croatian 2,500,000[꯲꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bosnia and Herzegovina ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kosovo[nb ꯲], ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Montenegro
Breton br Indo-European, Celtic, Brittonic 206,000[꯲꯱] None, de facto status in ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Brittany (France)
Bulgarian bg Indo-European, Slavic, South, Eastern 7,800,000[꯲꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bulgaria Mount Athos (Greece)
Catalan ca Indo-European, Romance, Western, Occitano-Romance 4,000,000[꯲꯳] 10,000,000[꯲꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Andorra ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Balearic Islands (Spain), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Catalonia (Spain), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Valencian Community (Spain), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Aragon (Spain)[nb ꯳], Pyrénées-Orientales (France)[nb ꯳], Alghero (Italy)
Chechen ce Northeast Caucasian, Nakh 1,400,000[꯲꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Chechnya & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Dagestan (Russia)
Chuvash cv Turkic, Oghur 1,100,000[꯲꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Chuvashia (Russia)
Cimbrian cim Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper, Bavarian 400[꯲꯷]
Cornish kw Indo-European, Celtic, Brittonic 557[꯲꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Cornwall (United Kingdom)
Corsican co Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 30,000[꯲꯹] 125,000[꯲꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Corsica (France), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sardinia (Italy)
Crimean Tatar crh Turkic, Kipchak 480,000[꯳꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Crimea
Croatian hr Indo-European, Slavic, South, Western, Serbo-Croatian 5,600,000[꯳꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bosnia and Herzegovina, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Croatia ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Burgenland (Austria)
Czech cs Indo-European, Slavic, West, Czech–Slovak 10,600,000[꯳꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Czech Republic
Danish da Indo-European, Germanic, North 5,500,000[꯳꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Denmark ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Faroe Islands (Denmark), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)[꯳꯴]
Dutch nl Indo-European, Germanic, West 22,000,000[꯳꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Belgium, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Netherlands
English en Indo-European, Germanic, West, Anglo-Frisian, Anglic 63,000,000[꯳꯶] 260,000,000[꯳꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ireland, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Malta, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data United Kingdom
Erzya myv Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Mordvinic 120,000[꯳꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Mordovia (Russia)
Estonian et Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 1,165,400[꯳꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Estonia
Extremaduran ext Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 200,000[꯴꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Extremadura (Spain)
Faroese fo Indo-European, Germanic, North 66,150[꯴꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Faroe Islands (Denmark)
Finnish fi Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 5,400,000[꯴꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Finland
Franco-Provençal (Arpitan) arp Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance 140,000[꯴꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Aosta Valley (Italy)
French fr Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance, Oïl 71,500,000[꯴꯴] 135,000,000[꯳꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Belgium, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data France, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Luxembourg, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Monaco, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Aosta Valley[꯴꯵] (Italy), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Jersey (United Kingdom), El Pas de la Casa (Andorra)
Frisian fry frr stq Indo-European, Germanic, West, Anglo-Frisian 470,000[꯴꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Friesland (Netherlands), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)[꯴꯷]
Gagauz gag Turkic, Oghuz 140,000[꯴꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Gagauzia (Moldova)
Galician gl Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 2,400,000[꯴꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Galicia (Spain), Eo-Navia (Asturias)[nb ꯳], Bierzo (Province of León)[nb ꯳] and Western Sanabria (Province of Zamora)[nb ꯳]
German de Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German 97,000,000[꯵꯰] 170,000,000[꯳꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Austria, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Belgium, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Germany, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Liechtenstein, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Luxembourg, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data South Tyrol[꯵꯱] (Italy)
Georgian ka kartvelian 3700000[꯵꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Georgia
Greek el Indo-European, Hellenic 11,000,000[꯵꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Cyprus, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Greece ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Albania (Himara, Finiq, Dervican and other southern townships)
Hungarian hu Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Ugric 13,000,000[꯵꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Hungary ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Burgenland (Austria), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Vojvodina (Serbia), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Romania
Icelandic is Indo-European, Germanic, North 330,000[꯵꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Iceland
Ingrian izh Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 120[꯵꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ingria (Russia)
Ingush inh Northeast Caucasian, Nakh 300,000[꯵꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ingushetia (Russia)
Irish ga Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic 240,000[꯵꯸] 1,300,000 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Republic of Ireland ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Northern Ireland (United Kingdom)
Istriot ist Indo-European, Romance 900[꯵꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Croatia
Istro-Romanian ruo Indo-European, Romance, Eastern 1,100[꯶꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Croatia
Italian it Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 65,000,000[꯶꯱] 82,000,000[꯳꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Italy, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data San Marino, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Vatican City {{Flag data

Croatia|Flagicon/core|variant=|size=}} Istria County (Croatia), {{Flag data Slovenia|Flagicon/core|variant=|size=}} Slovenian Istria (Slovenia)

Italiot Greek mis Indo-European, Hellenic, Greek, Attic-Ionic 20,000 Native speakers in 1981[꯶꯲] 50,000 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Calabria[꯶꯳] (Bovesia), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Apulia[꯶꯴] (Salento), (Italy)
Judeo-Italian itk Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 250[꯶꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Italy, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Corfu (Greece)
Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino) lad Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 320,000[꯶꯶] few[꯶꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bosnia and Herzegovina, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data France, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Turkey
Kabardian kbd Northwest Caucasian, Circassian 530,000[꯶꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kabardino-Balkaria & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Karachay-Cherkessia (Russia)
Kalmyk xal Mongolic 80,500[꯶꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kalmykia (Russia)
Karelian krl Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 36,000[꯷꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Karelia (Russia)
Karachay-Balkar krc Turkic, Kipchak 300,000[꯷꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kabardino-Balkaria & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Karachay-Cherkessia (Russia)
Kashubian csb Indo-European, Slavic, West, Lechitic 50,000[꯷꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Poland
Kazakh kk Turkic, Kipchak 1,000,000[꯷꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kazakhstan
Komi kv Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Permic 220,000[꯷꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Komi Republic (Russia)
Latin la Indo-European, Italic, Latino-Faliscan extinct few[꯷꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Vatican City
Latvian lv Indo-European, Baltic 1,750,000[꯷꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Latvia
Ligurian lij Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Italic 500,000[꯷꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Liguria (Italy)
Lithuanian lt Indo-European, Baltic 3,000,000[꯷꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Lithuania
Lombard lmo Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Italic 3,600,000[꯷꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Lombardy (Italy)
Low German (Low Saxon) nds wep Indo-European, Germanic, West 1,000,000[꯸꯰] 2,600,000[꯸꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)[꯸꯱]
Luxembourgish lb Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German 336,000[꯸꯲] 386,000[꯸꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Luxembourg ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Wallonia (Belgium)
Macedonian mk Indo-European, Slavic, South, Eastern 1,400,000[꯸꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Macedonia
Mainfränkisch vmf Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper 4,900,000[꯸꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Baden-Württemberg, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bavaria & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Thuringia (Germany)
Maltese mt Semitic, Arabic 520,000[꯸꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Malta
Manx gv Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic 230[꯸꯶] 2,300[꯸꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Isle of Man
Mari chm mhr Uralic, Finno-Ugric 500,000[꯸꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Mari El (Russia)
Megleno-Romanian ruq Indo-European, Romance, Eastern 3,000[꯸꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Greek Macedonia (Greece), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Macedonia
Mirandese mwl Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 15,000[꯹꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Miranda do Douro (Portugal)
Moksha mdf Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Mordvinic 2,000[꯹꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Mordovia (Russia)
Montenegrin cnr Indo-European, Slavic, South, Western, Serbo-Croatian 240,700[꯹꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Montenegro
Neapolitan nap Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 5,700,000[꯹꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Campania (Italy)[꯹꯴]
Nenets yrk Uralic, Samoyedic 4,000[꯹꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia)
Norman nrf Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance, Oïl 50,000[꯹꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Normandy (France), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Jersey (United Kingdom)
Norwegian no Indo-European, Germanic, North 5,200,000[꯹꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Norway
Occitan oc Indo-European, Romance, Western, Occitano-Romance 500,000[꯹꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Catalonia (Spain)
Ossetian os Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern 450,000[꯹꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Georgia ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Ossetia-Alania (Russia)
Palatinate German pfl Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Central 1,000,000[꯱꯰꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Germany
Picard pcd Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance, Oïl 200,000[꯱꯰꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Wallonia (Belgium)
Piedmontese pms Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Italic 1,600,000[꯱꯰꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Piedmont (Italy)[꯱꯰꯳]
Polish pl Indo-European, Slavic, West, Lechitic 38,500,000[꯱꯰꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Poland
Portuguese pt Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 10,000,000[꯱꯰꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Portugal
Rhaeto-Romance fur lld roh Indo-European, Romance, Western 370,000[꯱꯰꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland {{Flag data

Veneto|Flagicon/core|variant=|size=}} Belluno, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Friuli-Venezia Giulia, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data South Tyrol,[꯱꯰꯷] & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Trentino (Italy)

Ripuarian (Platt) ksh Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Central 900,000[꯱꯰꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Germany, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Netherlands, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Wallonia (Belgium)
Romani rom Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Western 1,500,000[꯱꯰꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kosovo[nb ꯲][꯱꯱꯰]
Romanian ro Indo-European, Romance, Eastern 24,000,000[꯱꯱꯱] 28,000,000[꯱꯱꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Moldova, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Romania Mount Athos (Greece), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Vojvodina (Serbia)
Russian ru Indo-European, Slavic, East 106,000,000[꯱꯱꯳] 160,000,000[꯱꯱꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Belarus, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kazakhstan, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Russia Mount Athos (Greece), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Gagauzia (Moldova), Transnistria (Moldova), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Svalbard (Norway), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ukraine
Sami se Uralic, Finno-Ugric 23,000[꯱꯱꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Norway ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sweden, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Finland
Sardinian sc Indo-European, Romance 1,350,000[꯱꯱꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sardinia (Italy)
Scots sco Indo-European, Germanic, West, Anglo-Frisian, Anglic 110,000[꯱꯱꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Scotland (United Kingdom), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ulster (Ireland & United Kingdom)
Scottish Gaelic gd Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic 57,000[꯱꯱꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Scotland (United Kingdom)
Serbian sr Indo-European, Slavic, South, Western, Serbo-Croatian 9,000,000[꯱꯱꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bosnia and Herzegovina, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Kosovo[nb ꯲], ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Serbia ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Croatia, Mount Athos (Greece), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data North Macedonia, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Montenegro
Sicilian scn Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 4,700,000[꯱꯱꯹]
Silesian szl Indo-European, Slavic, West, Lechitic 522,000[꯱꯲꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Upper Silesia (Poland, Czech Republic & Germany), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Silesia (Poland)
Silesian German sli Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Central 11,000[꯱꯲꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Upper Silesia (Poland, Czech Republic & Germany), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Silesia (Poland)
Slovak sk Indo-European, Slavic, West, Czech–Slovak 5,200,000[꯱꯲꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Slovakia ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Vojvodina (Serbia), ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Czech Republic
Slovene sl Indo-European, Slavic, South, Western 2,100,000[꯱꯲꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Slovenia
Sorbian (Wendish) wen Indo-European, Slavic, West 20,000[꯱꯲꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Brandenburg & ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sachsen (Germany)[꯱꯲꯵]
Spanish (Castilian) es Indo-European, Romance, Western, West Iberian 38,000,000[꯱꯲꯶] 76,000,000[꯳꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Spain
Swabian German swg Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper, Alemannic 820,000[꯱꯲꯷] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Germany
Swedish sv Indo-European, Germanic, North 11,100,000[꯱꯲꯸] 13,280,000[꯱꯲꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Finland, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sweden
Swiss German gsw Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper, Alemannic 5,000,000[꯱꯲꯹] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland (as German)
Tabasaran tab Northeast Caucasian, Lezgic 126,900[꯱꯳꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Dagestan (Russia)
Tat ttt Indo-European, Iranian, Western 30,000[꯱꯳꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Dagestan (Russia)
Tatar tt Turkic, Kipchak 4,300,000[꯱꯳꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Tatarstan (Russia)
Turkish tr Turkic, Oghuz 12,000,000[꯱꯳꯳] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Turkey, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Cyprus ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Northern Cyprus
Udmurt udm Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Permic 340,000[꯱꯳꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Udmurtia (Russia)
Ukrainian uk Indo-European, Slavic, East 32,600,000[꯱꯳꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ukraine Transnistria (Moldova)
Upper Saxon sxu Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Central 2,000,000[꯱꯳꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sachsen (Germany)
Vepsian vep Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 1,640[꯱꯳꯷] {{Flag data

Karelia|Flagicon/core|variant=|size=}} Karelia (Russia)

Venetian vec Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Dalmatian 3,800,000[꯱꯳꯸] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Veneto (Italy)[꯱꯳꯹]
Võro vro Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic 87,000[꯱꯴꯰] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Võru County (Estonia)
Walloon wa Indo-European, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance, Oïl 600,000[꯱꯴꯱] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Wallonia (Belgium)
Walser German wae Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Upper, Alemannic 20,000[꯱꯴꯲] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland
Welsh cy Indo-European, Celtic, Brittonic 562,000[꯱꯴꯳] 750,000 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Wales (United Kingdom)
Wymysorys wym Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German 70[꯱꯴꯴] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Poland
Yenish yec Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German 16,000[꯱꯴꯵] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Switzerland
Yiddish yi Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German 600,000[꯱꯴꯶] ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Bosnia and Herzegovina, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Netherlands, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Poland, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Romania, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Sweden, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Flag data Ukraine
  1. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  2. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  3. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  4. Albanian. Retrieved on 12 December 2018 ꯫ Population total of all languages of the Albanian macrolanguage.
  5. Albanian, Arbëreshë.
  6. Toso, Fiorenzo (2006). in Baldini & Castoldi: Lingue d'Europa. La pluralità linguistica dei Paesi europei fra passato e presente, 90. 
  7. (2004) in P. Bruni: Arbëreshë: cultura e civiltà di un popolo. 
  8. Ethnologue: Albanian, Arbëreshë.
  9. "Currently there are about fifty Albanian-speaking centres in Italy, with a population estimated to be around 100,000, though there are no precise figures for the actual numbers of Italo-Albanians. The most recent precise figure is given in the census for 1921; the number of Albanian speakers was 80,282, far fewer than the 197 thousand mentioned in the study of A. Frega of 1997."

    Albanian Cultural Profile. Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche, Università degli Studi di Bari, Italia. Archived from the original on 2016-12-13 ꯫ Retrieved on 2019-08-04
  10. https://www.consiglioregionale.calabria.it%2Fupload%2Ftesticoordinati%2FLR%252015-2003(TC).doc&usg=AOvVaw3b_0rnoUMKe_LqDmReh8QK
  11. [১] Report about Census of population 2011 of Aragonese Sociolinguistics Seminar and University of Zaragoza
  12. Más de 50.000 personas hablan aragonés. Archived from the original on January 1, 2015
  13. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  14. ꯱꯴.꯰ ꯱꯴.꯱ III Sociolinguistic Study of Asturias (2017). Euskobarometro.
  15. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  16. Total population 24 million, c. 130,000 in Dagestan, c. 400,000 in Azerbajjan's Quba-Khachmaz region, technically in Europe (being north of the Caucasus watershed). In addition, there are about 0.5 million speakers in immigrant communities in Russia, see #Immigrant communities. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  17. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  18. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Fr icon VI° Enquête Sociolinguistique en Euskal herria (Communauté Autonome d'Euskadi, Navarre et Pays Basque Nord) Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯸-꯲꯱ at the Wayback Machine (2016).
  19. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  20. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  21. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  22. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  23. Catalan.
  24. Informe sobre la Situació de la Llengua Catalana | Xarxa CRUSCAT. Coneixements, usos i representacions del català..
  25. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  26. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  27. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  28. UK 2011 Census
  29. ꯲꯹.꯰ ꯲꯹.꯱ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  30. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  31. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  32. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  33. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  34. recognized as official language in Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Flensburg and Rendsburg-Eckernförde (§ 82b LVwG)
  35. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  36. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  37. ꯳꯷.꯰ ꯳꯷.꯱ ꯳꯷.꯲ ꯳꯷.꯳ ꯳꯷.꯴ Europeans and their Languages Archived ꯶ ꯖꯥꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ at the Wayback Machine, Data for EU27, published in 2012.
  38. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  39. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  40. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  41. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  42. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  43. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  44. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  45. Le Statut spécial de la Vallée d'Aoste, Article 38, Title VI. Region Vallée d'Aoste. Retrieved on 2 May 2014. 
  46. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  47. recognized as official language in the Nordfriesland district and in Helgoland (§ 82b LVwG).
  48. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  49. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  50. includes: bar Bavarian, cim Cimbrian, ksh Kölsch, sli Lower Silesian, vmf Mainfränkisch, pfl Palatinate German, swg Swabian German, gsw Swiss German, sxu Upper Saxon, wae Walser German, wep Westphalian, wym Wymysorys, yec Yenish, yid Yiddish; see German dialects.
  51. STATUTO SPECIALE PER IL TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯱꯱-꯲꯶ at the Wayback Machine (1972), Art. 99–101.
  52. https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/kat/
  53. 11 million in Greece, out of 13.4 million in total. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  54. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  55. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  56. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  57. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  58. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  59. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  60. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  61. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  62. N. Vincent, Italian, in B. Comrie (ed.) The world's major languages, London, Croom Helm, 1981. pp. 279-302.
  63. Consiglio regionale della Calabria.
  64. Archived copy. Archived from the original on 2018-01-22 ꯫ Retrieved on 2019-08-04
  65. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  66. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  67. SIL Ethnologue: "Not the dominant language for most. Formerly the main language of Sephardic Jewry. Used in literary and music contexts." ca. 100k speakers in total, most of them in Israel, small communities in the Balkans, Greece, Turkey and in Spain.
  68. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  69. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  70. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  71. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  72. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  73. About 10 million in Kazakhstan. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18. Technically, the westernmost portions of Kazakhstan (Atyrau Region, West Kazakhstan Region) are in Europe, with a total population of less than one million.
  74. 220,000 native speakers out of an ethnic population of 550,000. Combines Komi-Permyak (koi) with 65,000 speakers and Komi-Zyrian (kpv) with 156,000 speakers. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  75. Contemporary Latin: People fluent in Latin as a second language are probably in the dozens, not hundreds. Reginald Foster (as of 2013) estimated "no more than 100" according to Robin Banerji, Pope resignation: Who speaks Latin these days?, BBC News, 12 February 2013.
  76. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  77. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  78. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  79. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  80. ꯸꯰.꯰ ꯸꯰.꯱ 2.6 million cited as estimate of all Germans who speak Platt "well or very well" (including L2; 4.3 million cited as the number of all speakers including those with "moderate" knowledge) in 2009. Heute in Bremen. „Ohne Zweifel gefährdet“. Frerk Möller im Interview, taz, 21. Februar 2009. However, Wirrer (1998) described Low German as "moribund".Jan Wirrer: Zum Status des Niederdeutschen. In: Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik. 26, 1998, S. 309. The number of native speakers is unknown, estimated at 1 million by SIL Ethnologue. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  81. The question whether Low German should be considered as subsumed under "German" as the official language of Germany has a complicated legal history. In the wake of the ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1998), Schleswig-Holstein has explicitly recognized Low German as a regional language with official status (§ 82b LVwG).
  82. ꯸꯲.꯰ ꯸꯲.꯱ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  83. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  84. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  85. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  86. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  87. How the Manx language came back from the dead (2 April 2015).
  88. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  89. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  90. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  91. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  92. "Montenegro" (in en)꯫ Ethnologue 
  93. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  94. In 2008, law was passed by the Region of Campania, stating that the Neapolitan language was to be legally protected. Tutela del dialetto, primo via libera al Ddl campano (in Italian). Il Denaro (15 October 2008). Archived from the original on 27 July 2011 ꯫ Retrieved on 22 June 2013
  95. total 22,000 native speakers (2010 Russian census) out of an ethnic population of 44,000. Most of these are in Siberia, with about 8,000 ethnic Nenets in European Russia (2010 census, mostly in Nenets Autonomous Okrug)
  96. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  97. "Norwegian" (in en)꯫ Ethnologue 
  98. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18. includes Auvergnat, Gascon, Languedocien, Limousin, Provençal, Vivaro-Alpine. Most native speakers are in France, their number is unknown, as varieties of Occitan are treated as French dialects with no official status.
  99. Total 570,000, of which 450,000 in the Russian Federation. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  100. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  101. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  102. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  103. Piedmontese was recognised as Piedmont's regional language by the regional parliament in 1999. Motion 1118 in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament, Approvazione da parte del Senato del Disegno di Legge che tutela le minoranze linguistiche sul territorio nazionale - Approfondimenti, approved unanimously on 15 December 1999, Text of motion 1118 in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament, Consiglio Regionale del Piemonte, Ordine del Giorno 1118.
  104. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  105. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  106. Includes Friulian, Romansh, Ladin. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  107. STATUTO SPECIALE PER IL TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯱꯱-꯲꯶ at the Wayback Machine (1972), Art. 102.
  108. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  109. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  110. Constitution of Kosovo, p. 8 Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯷-꯱꯰-꯱꯱ at the Wayback Machine.
  111. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  112. Româna (in ro). Latin Union. Archived from the original on 29 October 2014 ꯫ Retrieved on 2 April 2018
  113. ꯱꯱꯳.꯰ ꯱꯱꯳.꯱ L1: 119 million in the Russian Federation (of which c. 83 million in European Russia), 14.3 million in Ukraine, 6.67 million in Belarus, 0.67 million in Latvia, 0.38 million in Estonia, 0.38 million in Moldova. L1+L2: c. 100 million in European Russia, 39 million in Ukraine, 7 million in Belarus, 7 million in Poland, 2 million in Latvia, c. 2 million in the European portion of Kazakhstan, 1.8 million in Moldova, 1.1 million in Estonia. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18.
  114. mostly Northern Sami (sma), ca. 20,000 speakers; smaller communities of Lule Sami (smj, c. 2,000 speakers) and other variants. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18.
  115. AA. VV. Calendario Atlante De Agostini 2017, Novara, Istituto Geografico De Agostini, 2016, p. 230
  116. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  117. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  118. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  119. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  120. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E19
  121. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  122. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  123. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  124. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  125. GVG § 184 Satz 2; VwVfGBbg § 23 Abs. 5; SächsSorbG § 9, right to use Sorbian in communication with the authorities guaranteed for the "Sorbian settlement area" (Sorbisches Siedlungsgebiet, Lusatia).
  126. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  127. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  128. ꯱꯲꯸.꯰ ꯱꯲꯸.꯱ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  129. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  130. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  131. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18 2,000 speakers in the Russian Federation according to the 2010 census (including Judeo-Tat). About 28,000 speakers in Azerbaijan; most speakers live along or just north of the Caucasus ridge (and are thus technically in Europe), with some also settling just south of the Caucasus ridge, in Transcaucasia.
  132. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  133. c. 11 million in European Turkey, 0.6 million in Bulgaria, 0.6 million in Cyprus and Northern Cyprus, not including several million recent immigrants to Western Europe (see #Immigrant communities).
  134. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  135. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  136. German dialect, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  137. Russian Census 2010. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  138. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  139. A motion to recognise Venetian as an official regional language has been approved by the Regional Council of Veneto in 2007. Consiglio Regionale Veneto – Leggi Regionali. Consiglioveneto.it. Retrieved on 2009-05-06
  140. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  141. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  142. Highest Alemannic dialects, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  143. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  144. Moribund German dialect spoken in Wilamowice, Poland. 70 speakers recorded in 2006. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  145. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18
  146. Total population estimated at 1.5 million as of 1991, of which c. 40% in the Ukraine. ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18, ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E18


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