ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯣ-ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯷꯴꯴ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ (꯲꯰꯱꯸) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯣ-ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯗꯥ ꯹꯴% ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯵꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ, ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ, ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯟ, ꯖꯔꯃꯟ, ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯫ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯃꯤ(ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ) ꯫
ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ ꯈꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]- ↑ Abkhazian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Adyghe at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Albanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Albanian", ꯑꯃꯥ Ethnologue, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯱꯲ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯰꯱꯸꯫ Population total of all languages of the Albanian macrolanguage.
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Albanian, Arbëreshë"꯫
- ↑ Toso, Fiorenzo (2006). in Baldini & Castoldi: Lingue d'Europa. La pluralità linguistica dei Paesi europei fra passato e presente, 90.
- ↑ (2004) in P. Bruni: Arbëreshë: cultura e civiltà di un popolo.
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Ethnologue: Albanian, Arbëreshë", ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯲꯹, ꯲꯰꯱꯴꯫
- ↑ "Currently there are about fifty Albanian-speaking centres in Italy, with a population estimated to be around 100,000, though there are no precise figures for the actual numbers of Italo-Albanians. The most recent precise figure is given in the census for 1921; the number of Albanian speakers was 80,282, far fewer than the 197 thousand mentioned in the study of A. Frega of 1997."
Amelia De Lucia; Giorgio Gruppioni; Rosalina Grumo ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ (ꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ), "ꯑꯃꯥ Albanian Cultural Profile", Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche, Università degli Studi di Bari, Italia, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯶-꯱꯲-꯱꯳ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲꯰꯱꯹-꯰꯸-꯰꯴꯫ - ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Archive copy", ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯹-꯰꯸-꯰꯶ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲꯰꯲꯱-꯱꯱-꯲꯲꯫ ꯑꯃꯥ
|ꯑꯃꯥ dead-url=ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯄꯄꯥ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ) - ↑ Report about Census of population 2011 of Aragonese Sociolinguistics Seminar and University of Zaragoza
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Más de 50.000 personas hablan aragonés", ꯑꯃꯥ Aragón Digital, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯖꯥꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱, ꯲꯰꯱꯵ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ꯫ ꯑꯃꯥ
|ꯑꯃꯥ deadurl=ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯄꯄꯥ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ) - ↑ Aromanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- 1 2 III Sociolinguistic Study of Asturias (2017). Euskobarometro.
- ↑ German dialect, Bavarian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Total population 24 million, c. 130,000 in Dagestan, c. 400,000 in Azerbajjan's Quba-Khachmaz region, technically in Europe (being north of the Caucasus watershed). In addition, there are about 0.5 million speakers in immigrant communities in Russia, see #Immigrant communities. Azerbaijani at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Bashkort at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Fr icon VI° Enquête Sociolinguistique en Euskal herria (Communauté Autonome d'Euskadi, Navarre et Pays Basque Nord) Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯸-꯲꯱ at the Wayback Machine (2016).
- ↑ Belarusian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Bosnian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Breton at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Bulgarian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Catalan"꯫
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Informe sobre la Situació de la Llengua Catalana | Xarxa CRUSCAT. Coneixements, usos i representacions del català.", ꯑꯃꯥ blogs.iec.cat꯫
- ↑ Chechen at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Chuvash at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Cimbrian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ UK 2011 Census
- 1 2 Corsican at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Crimean Tatar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Croatian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Czech at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Danish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ recognized as official language in Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Flensburg and Rendsburg-Eckernförde (§ 82b LVwG Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯸-꯰꯳ at the Wayback Machine)
- ↑ Dutch at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ English at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- 1 2 3 4 5 Europeans and their Languages Archived ꯶ ꯖꯥꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ at the Wayback Machine, Data for EU27, published in 2012.
- ↑ Erzya at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Estonian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Extremaduran at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Faroese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Finnish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Franco-Provençal at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ French at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Le Statut spécial de la Vallée d'Aoste, Article 38, Title VI. Region Vallée d'Aoste. Retrieved on 2 May 2014.
- ↑ Frisian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ recognized as official language in the Nordfriesland district and in Helgoland (§ 82b LVwG Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯸-꯰꯳ at the Wayback Machine).
- ↑ Gagauz at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Galician at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ includes: bar Bavarian, cim Cimbrian, ksh Kölsch, sli Lower Silesian, vmf Mainfränkisch, pfl Palatinate German, swg Swabian German, gsw Swiss German, sxu Upper Saxon, wae Walser German, wep Westphalian, wym Wymysorys, yec Yenish, yid Yiddish; see German dialects.
- ↑ STATUTO SPECIALE PER IL TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯱꯱-꯲꯶ at the Wayback Machine (1972), Art. 99–101.
- ↑ https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/kat/
- ↑ 11 million in Greece, out of 13.4 million in total. Greek at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Hungarian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Icelandic at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Ingrian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Ingush at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Irish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Istriot at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Istro-Romanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Italian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ N. Vincent, Italian, in B. Comrie (ed.) The world's major languages, London, Croom Helm, 1981. pp. 279-302.
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Consiglio regionale della Calabria", ꯑꯃꯥ www.consiglioregionale.calabria.it꯫
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Archived copy", ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯱-꯲꯲ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯱-꯲꯱꯫ ꯑꯃꯥ
|ꯑꯃꯥ dead-url=ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯄꯄꯥ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ); ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ|ꯑꯃꯥ archiveurl=ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ|ꯑꯃꯥ archive-url=ꯎꯜꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ); ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ|ꯑꯃꯥ accessdate=ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ|ꯑꯃꯥ access-date=ꯎꯜꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ); ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ|ꯑꯃꯥ archivedate=ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ|ꯑꯃꯥ archive-date=ꯎꯜꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ) - ↑ Judeo-Italian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Judaeo-Spanish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ SIL Ethnologue: "Not the dominant language for most. Formerly the main language of Sephardic Jewry. Used in literary and music contexts." ca. 100k speakers in total, most of them in Israel, small communities in the Balkans, Greece, Turkey and in Spain.
- ↑ Kabardian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Oirat at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Karelian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Karachay-Balkar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Kashubian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ About 10 million in Kazakhstan. Kazakh at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015). Technically, the westernmost portions of Kazakhstan (Atyrau Region, West Kazakhstan Region) are in Europe, with a total population of less than one million.
- ↑ 220,000 native speakers out of an ethnic population of 550,000. Combines Komi-Permyak (koi) with 65,000 speakers and Komi-Zyrian (kpv) with 156,000 speakers. Komi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Contemporary Latin: People fluent in Latin as a second language are probably in the dozens, not hundreds. Reginald Foster (as of 2013) estimated "no more than 100" according to Robin Banerji, Pope resignation: Who speaks Latin these days?, BBC News, 12 February 2013.
- ↑ Latvian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Ligurian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Lithuanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Lombard at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- 1 2 2.6 million cited as estimate of all Germans who speak Platt "well or very well" (including L2; 4.3 million cited as the number of all speakers including those with "moderate" knowledge) in 2009. Heute in Bremen. „Ohne Zweifel gefährdet“. Frerk Möller im Interview, taz, 21. Februar 2009. However, Wirrer (1998) described Low German as "moribund".Jan Wirrer: Zum Status des Niederdeutschen. In: Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik. 26, 1998, S. 309. The number of native speakers is unknown, estimated at 1 million by SIL Ethnologue. Low German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Westphalian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ The question whether Low German should be considered as subsumed under "German" as the official language of Germany has a complicated legal history. In the wake of the ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1998), Schleswig-Holstein has explicitly recognized Low German as a regional language with official status (§ 82b LVwG Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯰꯸-꯰꯳ at the Wayback Machine).
- 1 2 Luxembourgish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Macedonian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Main-Franconian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Maltese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Manx at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Whitehead, Sarah (꯲ ꯑꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯲꯰꯱꯵), "ꯑꯃꯥ How the Manx language came back from the dead", ꯑꯃꯥ theguardian.com, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯴ ꯑꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯲꯰꯱꯵꯫
- ↑ Mari at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Megleno-Romanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Mirandese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Moksha at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ "Montenegro" (in en)꯫ Ethnologue ꯫
- ↑ Neapolitan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ In 2008, law was passed by the Region of Campania, stating that the Neapolitan language was to be legally protected. "ꯑꯃꯥ Tutela del dialetto, primo via libera al Ddl campano", ꯑꯃꯥ Il Denaro (Italianꯗꯥ), ꯱꯵ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯲꯰꯰꯸, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯷ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲꯲ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯲꯰꯱꯳꯫ ꯑꯃꯥ
|ꯑꯃꯥ deadurl=ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯄꯄꯥ ꯇꯧꯕ (ꯃꯇꯦꯡ) - ↑ total 22,000 native speakers (2010 Russian census) out of an ethnic population of 44,000. Most of these are in Siberia, with about 8,000 ethnic Nenets in European Russia (2010 census, mostly in Nenets Autonomous Okrug)
- ↑ Jèrriais at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ "Norwegian" (in en)꯫ Ethnologue ꯫
- ↑ Occitan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015). includes Auvergnat, Gascon, Languedocien, Limousin, Provençal, Vivaro-Alpine. Most native speakers are in France, their number is unknown, as varieties of Occitan are treated as French dialects with no official status.
- ↑ Total 570,000, of which 450,000 in the Russian Federation. Ossetian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Palatinate German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Picard at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Piedmontese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Piedmontese was recognised as Piedmont's regional language by the regional parliament in 1999. Motion 1118 in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament, Approvazione da parte del Senato del Disegno di Legge che tutela le minoranze linguistiche sul territorio nazionale - Approfondimenti, approved unanimously on 15 December 1999, Text of motion 1118 in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament, Consiglio Regionale del Piemonte, Ordine del Giorno 1118.
- ↑ Polish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Portuguese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Includes Friulian, Romansh, Ladin. Friulian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Ladin at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romansch at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ STATUTO SPECIALE PER IL TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯸-꯱꯱-꯲꯶ at the Wayback Machine (1972), Art. 102.
- ↑ German dialect, Kölsch at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Romani, Balkan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Baltic at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Carpathian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Finnish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Sinte at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Vlax at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Romani, Welsh at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Constitution of Kosovo, p. 8 Archived ꯲꯰꯱꯷-꯱꯰-꯱꯱ at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Romanian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ "ꯑꯃꯥ Româna", ꯑꯃꯥ unilat.org (ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯟꯗꯥ), Latin Union, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯹ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯲꯰꯱꯴ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲ ꯑꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯲꯰꯱꯸꯫
- 1 2 L1: 119 million in the Russian Federation (of which c. 83 million in European Russia), 14.3 million in Ukraine, 6.67 million in Belarus, 0.67 million in Latvia, 0.38 million in Estonia, 0.38 million in Moldova. L1+L2: c. 100 million in European Russia, 39 million in Ukraine, 7 million in Belarus, 7 million in Poland, 2 million in Latvia, c. 2 million in the European portion of Kazakhstan, 1.8 million in Moldova, 1.1 million in Estonia. Russian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015).
- ↑ mostly Northern Sami (sma), ca. 20,000 speakers; smaller communities of Lule Sami (smj, c. 2,000 speakers) and other variants. Northern Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Lule Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) Southern Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Kildin Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Skolt Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Inari Sami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015).
- ↑ AA. VV. Calendario Atlante De Agostini 2017, Novara, Istituto Geografico De Agostini, 2016, p. 230
- ↑ Scots at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Gaelic, Scottish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Serbian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Sicilian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:E19
- ↑ German dialect, Lower Silesian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Slovak at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Slovene at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Sorbian, Upper at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ GVG § 184 Satz 2; VwVfGBbg § 23 Abs. 5; SächsSorbG § 9, right to use Sorbian in communication with the authorities guaranteed for the "Sorbian settlement area" (Sorbisches Siedlungsgebiet, Lusatia).
- ↑ Spanish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Swabian German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- 1 2 Swedish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Swiss German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Tabassaran at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Tat at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Judeo-Tat at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) 2,000 speakers in the Russian Federation according to the 2010 census (including Judeo-Tat). About 28,000 speakers in Azerbaijan; most speakers live along or just north of the Caucasus ridge (and are thus technically in Europe), with some also settling just south of the Caucasus ridge, in Transcaucasia.
- ↑ Tatar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ c. 11 million in European Turkey, 0.6 million in Bulgaria, 0.6 million in Cyprus and Northern Cyprus, not including several million recent immigrants to Western Europe (see #Immigrant communities).
- ↑ Udmurt at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Ukrainian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ German dialect, Upper Saxon German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Russian Census 2010. Veps at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Venetian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ A motion to recognise Venetian as an official regional language has been approved by the Regional Council of Veneto in 2007. "ꯑꯃꯥ Consiglio Regionale Veneto – Leggi Regionali", Consiglioveneto.it, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯲꯰꯲꯴-꯰꯵-꯲꯶ꯗꯥ ꯁꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯍꯤꯕ, ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯔꯛꯄ ꯲꯰꯰꯹-꯰꯵-꯰꯶꯫
- ↑ Võro at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Walloon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Highest Alemannic dialects, Walser German at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Welsh at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Moribund German dialect spoken in Wilamowice, Poland. 70 speakers recorded in 2006. Wymysorys at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Yenish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Total population estimated at 1.5 million as of 1991, of which c. 40% in the Ukraine. Yiddish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Eastern Yiddish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015), Western Yiddish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Sovereign states, defined as United Nations member states and observer states. 'Recognised minority language' status is not included.
- 1 2 3 4 The Republic of Kosovo is a partially recognized state (recognized by 111 out of 193 UN member states as of 2017).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Recognized and protected, but not official.
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