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ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ

ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯒꯤ
ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜ ꯔꯣꯁ
ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯅꯨꯄꯥ/ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯃꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯌꯦꯜꯍꯧ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡRonald Ross ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯑꯄꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯜꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Family nameꯔꯣꯁ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯩꯆꯠ꯱꯳ ꯃꯦ 1857 ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯄꯣꯛꯐꯝꯑꯜꯃꯣꯔꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯁꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯩꯆꯠ꯱꯶ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ 1932 ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ꯁꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝLondon ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Place of burialPutney Vale Cemetery ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
FatherCampbell Claye Grant Ross ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
MotherMatilda Elderton ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
SiblingCharles Ross ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
SpouseRosa Bessie Bloxam ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
ChildCharles Campbell Ross of that Ilk, younger ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Languages spoken, written or signedꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Writing languageꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Field of workparasitology, epidemiology ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
EmployerKing's College London ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Educated atBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Honorific prefixSir ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Residenceꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Archives atLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Member ofRoyal Society, Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ
Nominated forNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯥ

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯀꯦ. ꯁꯤ. ꯕꯤ. ꯀꯦ. ꯁꯤ, ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯖꯤ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯁꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. (꯱꯳ ꯃꯦ ꯱꯸꯵꯷-꯱꯶ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯹꯳꯲) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯗ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯒꯦꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁꯇꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯠ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯥꯡꯕ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯏꯈꯤꯕ, ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯩꯔꯥꯡꯕ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯊꯦꯊꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ ꯆꯍꯤ 25 ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯤꯖꯟ ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯟꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯂꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯌꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯶ꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯂꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ-ꯏꯟ-ꯆꯤꯐ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗꯨꯗ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯜꯃꯣꯔꯥ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯅꯦꯄꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ-ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕꯤꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯔ ꯀꯦꯝꯕꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯠ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯇꯤꯜꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯂꯣꯠ ꯑꯦꯜꯗꯔꯇꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯟ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯕꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯑꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯋꯤꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯔꯥꯏꯗꯦ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯇꯝꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯶꯹ꯗ ꯁꯥꯁꯥꯎꯊꯝꯞꯇꯣꯟ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯡꯍꯤꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜꯗ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ, ꯏꯁꯩ-ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏ, ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯇ꯭ꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯡꯀꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯥꯖꯅ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯡꯀꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯣꯔꯕ꯭ꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯦꯚꯦꯟ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯡꯀꯗ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯱꯸꯷꯳ꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯇꯔꯨꯛ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯑꯣꯛ꯭ꯁꯐꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯖ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯗ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯷꯴ꯗ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯠ ꯕꯥꯔꯊꯣꯂꯣꯃꯤꯎꯁ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖꯗ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯩꯔꯥꯡꯕ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯕꯗ ꯂꯦꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯰ꯗ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯷꯹ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯔꯖꯟꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯄꯣꯊꯤꯀꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁꯦꯠꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯑꯦꯇꯜꯦꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯖꯍꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯱ꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯊꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ, ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯱ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯵ꯗ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ ꯁꯔꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱꯸꯸꯸ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦ ꯱꯸꯸꯹ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯔꯖꯟꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯄ꯭ꯂꯣꯃꯥ ꯏꯟ ꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ ꯐꯪꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯗꯤ ꯂꯤꯞ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯔ ꯏ. ꯏ. ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯟ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯱ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯲ꯗ ꯖꯨꯝꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯖꯍꯥꯖꯗ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯱ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯸꯹꯴ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ, ꯃꯧꯜꯃꯦꯏꯟ (ꯕꯔꯃꯥ/ꯃ꯭ꯌꯥꯟꯃꯥꯔ) ꯕꯂꯨꯆꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ, ꯑꯟꯗꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟꯗ, ꯕꯦꯡ꯭ꯒꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯀꯟꯗꯔꯕꯥꯗ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯱꯸꯸꯳ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯕꯦꯡ꯭ꯒꯂꯨꯔꯨꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯡ ꯒꯦꯔꯤꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯉꯝꯗꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯴ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯆꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯇꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯗ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯴ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯱꯰ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯔ ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯗ ꯎꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯂꯣꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯇꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯆ ꯲꯰ꯗ ꯄꯤ. ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯑꯣ. ꯖꯍꯥꯖ ꯕꯜꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯲꯴ꯗ ꯁꯦꯀꯟꯗꯔꯕꯥꯗꯇ ꯌꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯁꯇꯝ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯒꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯅꯥꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦ ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯊꯤꯕ ꯊꯤꯕ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]
ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯕꯨꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ "ꯄꯤꯒꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯠ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡ" ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦ ꯊꯥꯗ ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯕꯨꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯇꯥꯡꯀꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯔꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯨꯔꯨꯗ ꯊꯥꯈꯤꯕꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯨꯔꯨꯗ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯗ "ꯑꯩ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯐꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 'ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯇꯤ ꯍꯤꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯤꯒꯨꯔ ꯗꯥꯠꯇ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯣꯞ ꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯐꯛꯂꯥꯡꯗ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯎꯕ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯅ "ꯗꯞꯂꯗ-ꯋꯤꯡ꯭ꯒ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ" ꯀꯥꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯶ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯎꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯉꯝꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯨꯇꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯤꯅꯥꯏꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯤꯂꯦꯛꯁ꯭ꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯌꯧꯔꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯖꯨꯟꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯀꯟꯗꯔꯕꯥꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ-ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ, ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯈꯣꯝꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕ ꯂꯥꯔꯕꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯔꯕ "ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ" ꯀꯥꯡ ꯲꯰ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯨꯁꯦꯟ ꯈꯥꯟ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯑꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯟꯅꯥ ꯸ (ꯏꯅ ꯊꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜꯗ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯅ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯰ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅ ꯈꯪꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯗ "ꯗꯞꯂꯗ-ꯋꯤꯡ꯭ꯁ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ (ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯁ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯐꯤꯂꯦꯁ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇ, ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯱ꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯒꯠꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯷ꯗ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒꯦꯖꯦꯠꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯨꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯐꯪꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯈꯤ (ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯒꯁꯠ ꯲꯲ꯗ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ): []

ꯀꯣꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔ꯭ꯌꯦꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ

ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯍꯥꯊꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯊꯝꯂꯝꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯗ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯥꯊꯪ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕ, ꯏꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯅ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ, ꯑꯩ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯤꯌꯣꯏ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯤꯕ ꯐꯪꯉꯤ ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩ ꯈꯪꯕ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯦꯕ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ꯑꯣ ꯗꯦꯊ, ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ, ꯑꯣ ꯃꯣꯡꯐꯝ ?

ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯄ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]
ꯀꯣꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯀꯅꯤꯡꯍꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ, ꯃꯤꯁꯦꯁ ꯔꯣꯁ, ꯃꯍꯥꯃꯦꯗ ꯕꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯇꯦꯡꯕꯥꯡꯂꯣꯏ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯕꯨ ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯔꯥꯖꯄꯨꯇꯥꯅꯥ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯔꯥꯖꯁꯊꯥꯟ) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕ ꯈꯦꯔꯋꯥꯔꯥ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯤꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥꯟꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯐꯥꯎꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ "ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ" ꯑꯃꯗ ꯀꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯱꯸꯹꯸ꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱꯷ꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯄꯤ. ꯖꯤ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀꯦ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯍꯣꯁ ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ) ꯗ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥꯗ (ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯣꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥ) ꯌꯧꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯁꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯁ (ꯃꯁꯤꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯀꯥꯂꯥ ꯑꯖꯥꯔꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ-ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯁꯔꯖꯟ-ꯂꯦꯐꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟ꯭ꯇ-ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯅꯤꯡꯍꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯅꯗ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪꯗ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡꯁꯪ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯕꯡꯒ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯥꯈꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯈꯣꯝꯒꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ-ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯃꯦꯗ (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯨꯍꯃꯗ ꯕꯛ꯭ꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨꯅꯥ) ꯕꯨ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ (ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ, ꯔꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯤꯂꯤ ꯗꯥꯅꯤꯂꯦꯎꯁ꯭ꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯋꯤꯂ꯭ꯌꯝ ꯖꯣꯔ꯭ꯖ ꯃꯦꯛꯀꯂꯝ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ, ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ "ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯇꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯋꯥꯀꯠꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯆ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯇ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯎꯕ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ (ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯸ꯒꯤ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯅꯥꯔꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯁ) ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯑꯦꯚꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯍꯣꯁꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯴ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯂꯤꯕꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯈꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯸ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯁꯂꯤꯕꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ (ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯁ) ꯅꯥꯔꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯔꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯔꯣꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ, ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯀ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯸ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯚꯤꯁꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯅꯩꯅꯅꯕ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ-ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯛ ꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯍꯝ ꯀꯣꯔꯜ ꯚꯤꯜ ꯔꯥꯝꯁꯦꯅ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯀꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ (ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯊꯝꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯗ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯂꯥ-ꯑꯖꯥꯔ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ (ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯃꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯣꯅꯣꯋꯥꯅꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯳ꯗ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯃꯤꯡ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯕ ꯃꯔꯝꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯐꯤꯂꯦꯁ ꯔꯣꯁꯤ (ꯖꯤ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯒꯤꯜꯁꯅ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ) ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯀꯧꯋꯤ ꯫ (ꯀꯂꯥ ꯑꯖꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯈꯪꯂꯦ ꯫

ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ, ꯱꯸ ꯀꯦꯚꯦꯟꯗꯤꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯌꯔ, ꯂꯟꯗꯟ

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯹ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯂꯤꯗ ꯂꯦꯛꯆꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯋꯦꯁ ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥ, ꯁꯨꯌꯦꯖ ꯀꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ, ꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯁ, ꯁꯥꯏꯄ꯭ꯔꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯅ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯪꯀꯥꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯕ ꯐꯖꯅ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯄ ꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯕꯨ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯅꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯗ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯲ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯊꯝꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯲ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯡ꯭ꯁ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯗ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯌꯔ ꯄꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯋꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗ ꯀꯟꯁꯜꯇꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯱꯹꯱꯷ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗ ꯊꯦꯁꯂꯣꯅꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ, "ꯂꯤꯎꯀꯥꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯔꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯅ ꯀꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯏꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ (ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯁꯐꯣ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯄꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ) " ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯍꯥꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯔꯤꯄꯣꯗꯦꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯸ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯲꯶ꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯟꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯀꯟꯁꯜꯇꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯗꯦꯃꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯅꯩꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯡꯀꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯸ꯗ ꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔ꯭ꯠꯇ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯗ ꯄ ꯭ ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯰ꯗ (꯱꯹꯱꯱ꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯏꯗꯤꯁꯟ) ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯵ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯱꯶ꯗ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ-ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯗꯦꯃꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯟ ꯍꯤꯜꯗꯥ ꯍꯗꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯞꯗꯤꯃꯤꯌꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕ ꯃꯥꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯆꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯅꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯨꯕ ꯃꯥꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯲ꯗ ꯍꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯄꯗ ꯁꯔ ꯋꯤꯂ꯭ꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯁꯂꯔ ꯁꯧꯒꯠꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯳ꯗ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯚꯥꯏꯞ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯳ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯱꯷ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯔ ꯑꯦꯗꯋꯤꯟ ꯗꯔꯅꯤꯡ-ꯂꯣꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯈꯔ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯒꯤ ꯱ ꯋꯤꯝꯄꯣꯂꯦ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯌꯨꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯁ ꯕꯦꯛ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯶ꯇ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯠꯅꯤ ꯍꯤꯊ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯠꯁ ꯀꯣꯔꯅꯔꯒ ꯅꯛꯅꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯀꯤꯄꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯕꯥꯊ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯇ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯦꯜꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯃꯆꯥ, ꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯗꯋꯥꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯸ꯁꯨꯕꯅ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ-ꯏꯟ-ꯆꯤꯐꯀꯤ ꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯀꯦꯞꯄꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯥꯊ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯛꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯀꯣꯔꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯀꯣꯇꯦꯖ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯀꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥꯅ ꯅꯥꯔꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯅ ꯀꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯦꯚꯤꯌꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯃꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯛꯇꯝ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯇ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯨꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯖꯣꯋꯥꯅꯤ ꯕꯠꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯐꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡꯀꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯗ ꯄꯤ. ꯐꯦꯜꯁꯤꯄꯥꯔꯝ, ꯄꯤ. ꯚꯤꯚꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ. ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯏꯪ 1꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ, ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯗ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯈꯟꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅ ꯁꯦꯟꯖꯥ-ꯊꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯇ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯔꯕꯤꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤꯕ ꯔꯣꯕꯔꯠ ꯀꯣꯆ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯝꯈꯤ, "ꯀꯣꯆꯅ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫"[꯱꯰]

ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯕ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯛꯆꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ "ꯏꯝꯄꯜꯁꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯟ" ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ "ꯏꯝꯄꯜꯁꯤꯁꯕ ꯖꯤꯅ꯭ꯌꯁ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅ ꯌꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯖꯤ. ꯕꯤ. ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯒ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀ ꯂꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕ ꯊꯝꯈꯤꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ꯭ꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯗ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯂꯣꯏ ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯅ ꯂꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯇꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯔ ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯣꯟ (꯱꯹꯳꯰) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯟꯊꯨꯝ ꯋꯥꯠꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯋꯥꯀꯠꯂꯗꯨꯅ, ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯑꯐꯕ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫[꯱꯱]

A horizontal gravestone, badly dilapidated and with grass growing among the cracks
ꯏꯪ ꯲꯰꯱꯴ꯗ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯠꯅꯤ ꯚꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯃꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯡꯐꯝ

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔ꯭ꯆꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯅ (ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ "ꯑꯦꯗꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯕꯥꯔꯕꯔꯤꯖꯝ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤꯕ) ꯇꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯸ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ꯭ꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯏꯟ ꯗꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯋꯦꯟꯇꯤꯊ ꯁꯦꯟꯆꯨꯔꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯐꯣꯡꯗ ꯌꯣꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯦꯗꯤ ꯍ꯭ꯌꯨꯁ꯭ꯇꯟꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ ꯲꯰꯰꯰ꯗ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯔꯝꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯌꯥꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯒꯣꯅ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯸꯹ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯔꯣꯖꯥ ꯕꯦꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛꯁꯥꯝ ꯒ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ, ꯗꯣꯔꯣꯊꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯜꯚ꯭ꯌꯥ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ, ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯀꯦꯝꯄꯦꯜ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯳꯱ꯗ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯜꯚ꯭ꯌꯥꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ: ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯴ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯶ꯇ ꯂꯦ ꯀꯦꯇꯣꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯐꯝ ꯁꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯛꯄ ꯄꯨꯠꯅꯤ ꯚꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯃꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯨꯝꯈꯤ ꯫[꯱꯲]

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ, ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀꯦ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ, ꯀꯣꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥ
ꯄꯤ ꯖꯤ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ
ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ

ꯀꯜꯀꯠꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯀꯦ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯐꯛꯂꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯕꯝ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯕꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅ ꯂꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯂꯤꯠꯇꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯷ꯒꯤ ꯖꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯷ꯇ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯕ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯛꯂꯥꯡꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ ꯫[꯱꯳]

Sir Ronald Ross's name on LSHTM
ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯗ ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ

ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ ꯭ ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯲꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯁꯦꯜꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯫[꯱꯴]

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯹꯵ꯇ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯤꯇꯥꯕ ꯒꯣꯁ ꯏꯕ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ, ꯗ ꯀꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯁꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯜꯀꯥꯇꯥꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫[꯱꯵]

ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯰ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯦꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯐꯤꯂꯤꯁ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯕꯦꯒꯝꯄꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯔꯜꯗ ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯇꯣ ꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯦꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯇꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯆꯦꯔꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫[꯱꯳]

ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯁꯤꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]

ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯩꯔꯕ ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯁꯩꯔꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ, ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ (꯱꯹꯲꯸) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯖꯥꯏꯜ (꯱꯹꯳꯱) ꯗ ꯈꯣꯝꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯗ ꯆꯤꯜꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯣꯁꯤꯟ (ꯏꯪ꯱꯸꯹꯹ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯳꯲) ꯗ ꯔꯦꯚꯦꯜꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯣꯔꯁꯦꯔꯥ, ꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯝ, ꯐꯦꯕꯦꯜꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯁꯇꯤꯌꯔꯁ (ꯏꯪ꯱꯹꯳꯰) ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯇꯨ (ꯏꯪ꯱꯹꯳꯱) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯡꯀꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯉꯥ (꯱꯹꯲꯹-꯱꯹꯳꯱) ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯰ꯗ ꯗꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯸ꯗ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯗꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯟ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯣꯝꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯌꯔꯁ, ꯋꯤꯊ ꯑꯦ ꯐꯨꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯥꯎꯟꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯏꯠꯁ ꯁꯂꯨꯁꯟ (ꯄꯥꯖ ꯵꯴꯷ ꯂꯣꯡ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯲꯳ꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯝꯃꯤ: ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯕ, ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯥꯎ-ꯆꯦ ꯀꯛꯄꯤꯕ, ꯐꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯆꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯫[]

ꯃꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯄ

[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]
ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ-ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ, ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯖꯣꯟꯁ꯭ꯇꯟ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕ, ꯖꯣꯟꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯕꯤꯜꯗꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ
ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯕꯨ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯗ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯌꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ "ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯪꯈꯤꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ-ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯈꯤ ꯫"[꯱꯶]

ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯷ꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ ꯲꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯋꯔꯜꯗ ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯇꯣ ꯗꯦ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ, ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ, ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯲꯲ꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯟꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯒꯣꯅ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫

ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯱ꯗ ꯔꯣꯌꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯂꯣ (ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯥꯔ. ꯑꯦꯁ.) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗ ꯔꯣꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯔꯖꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯐꯦꯂꯣ ꯑꯃ ꯈꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯱ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯹꯱꯳ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯔꯣꯌꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤ ꯚꯥꯏꯁ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯰꯲ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯦꯗꯋꯥꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯷ ꯅ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯅꯔꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯕꯥꯊ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯞꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯱ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯏꯠ ꯀꯃꯥꯟꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯕꯦꯜꯖꯤꯌꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯂꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯜꯗ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯜ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯞ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯱꯰ꯗ ꯀꯦꯔꯣꯂꯤꯟ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯛꯍꯣꯝ ꯑꯣꯅꯔꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯗꯤ. ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯱꯹꯲꯳ꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯌꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯝꯁ ꯇꯦꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔ꯭ꯌꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯅ ꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒ ꯌꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯨꯡꯐꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯫[]

ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯠꯇꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯀꯤꯀꯤꯗꯗꯔꯄꯣꯔ ꯔꯣꯗꯀ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯒ ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯁꯥꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯁꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯐꯦꯛꯁ꯭ꯌꯦꯁ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯁ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯀꯝꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯦꯂꯥꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ, ꯕꯦꯒꯝꯄꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯥꯗꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯂꯨꯙꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯌꯥꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯁꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯔꯣꯁ ꯍꯣꯁꯇꯦꯂ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯅꯥ-ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯕꯨ "ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯌꯟꯁꯤꯡ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯀꯧꯋꯤ ꯫

ꯌꯨ. ꯀꯦ. ꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯔꯦ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯣꯔ ꯄꯥꯔꯛ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫[꯱꯷]

ꯋꯤꯝꯕꯜꯗꯟ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯠꯇ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯀꯥꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ ꯫[꯱꯸]

ꯁꯔ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯤꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯁꯃꯥꯟ ꯭ ꯌꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯥꯗꯇ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫[꯱꯹]

ꯏꯪ ꯲꯰꯱꯰ꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯄꯨꯜ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯂꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ꯭ꯁꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ "ꯗ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗ ꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯤꯜꯗꯟ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯨꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤꯗ ꯔꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ ꯭ ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯟꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯫[꯲꯰]

ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:ꯃ

  1. ꯱.꯰ ꯱.꯱ Sir Ronald Ross (1857–1932). Dr. B.S. Kakkilaya's Malaria Web Site. Archived from the original on 2013-03-19 ꯫ Retrieved on 2024-10-08
  2. Ross, Sir Ronald (1923). Memoirs with a full account of The Great Malaria Problem and its Solution. Albemarle Street, W. London: John Murray, 24. 
  3. ꯳.꯰ ꯳.꯱ ꯳.꯲ Ross and the Discovery that Mosquitoes Transmit Malaria Parasites. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (8 February 2010).
  4. ꯴.꯰ ꯴.꯱ Dutta, A. (2009). "Where Ronald Ross (1857–1932) worked: the discovery of malarial transmission and the Plasmodium life cycle". Journal of Medical Biography. 17 (2): 120–122. doi:10.1258/jmb.2009.009004. PMID 19401518.
  5. (2001) A Dictionary of Scientific Quotations, 2, Reprinted, Bristol: IOP Publishing Ltd, 209–210. ISBN 9780750301060. 
  6. Ross, Ronald (1898). Report on the cultivation of protesoma, Labbé, in grey mosquitoes. Calcutta: Superintendent of Govt. Printing, 1–2. 
  7. Sherman, Irwin W. (2008). Reflections on a Century of Malaria Biochemistry 67, 1–402. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(08)00401-6. 
  8. (1997) "16. Ross and the Royal Society of Medicine", Ronald Ross: Malariologist and Polymath: A Biography (in en). Basingstoke: Springer, 261–276. ISBN 978-0-230-37754-7. 
  9. Cox, Francis E.G. (2010). "History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors". Parasites & Vectors. 3 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-5. PMC 2825508. PMID 20205846.
  10. Esch GW (2007). Parasites and Infectious Disease: Discovery by Serendipity and Otherwise. Cambridge University Press, 137–138. ISBN 978-1-1394-6-4109. 
  11. Bynum, William F. (1998). "Ronald Ross: Malariologist and Polymath: A Biography". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 72 (3): 562–564. doi:10.1353/bhm.1998.0144.
  12. Cook, GC (1999). "The grave of Sir Ronald Ross FRS (1857–1932)". The Lancet. 354 (9184): 1128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)76928-2. PMID 10509539.
  13. ꯱꯳.꯰ ꯱꯳.꯱ "How Ronald Ross linked the mosquito bite to malaria parasites" ꯫ 
  14. Sir Ronald Ross (1857-1932) | LSHTM (in en).
  15. Goyal, Kritika (2013). "The Calcutta Chromosome". Annals of Neurosciences. 20 (1): 36. doi:10.5214/ans.0972.7531.200112. PMC 4117097.
  16. Ronald Ross – Facts. Nobel Media AB.
  17. Manor Park Residences. University of Surrey. Archived from the original on 2012-02-19 ꯫ Retrieved on 2024-10-08
  18. Ronald Ross Primary School – Home. Ronaldross.org.uk (22 November 2012).
  19. Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Parasitoloy. Osmania.ac.in.
  20. Opening of The Ronald Ross Building. Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool (10 October 2010).